Endovascular Treatment of Experimental Cerebral Aneurysms Using Thermoreversible Liquid Embolic Agents

Abstract

We have developed a new embolic agent, thermoreversible gelation polymer (TGP). This polymer is unique in that solidification occurs at body temperature. The utility of this new liquid embolic agent for the treatment of large experimental aneurysms was evaluated angiographically. TGP remains liquid at temperatures below the sol-gel transition temperature (TT) and becomes gelatinous above the TT. TGP can also be used to slowly deliver biologically active substances such as growth factors or engineered cells. In this study, TGP was mixed with radiopaque material without solvent. Bilateral common carotid arteries of swine (n=5) were used for surgical creation of lateral aneurysms, then 1 aneurysm in each animal was embolized using TGP without any protection device. The remaining untreated aneurysm in each animal was used as a control. All aneurysms were successfully embolized using TGP. No distal migration of TGP was observed when aneurysms were embolized without using protection devices. TGP can be safely used to embolize experimental aneurysms. Embolization of aneurysms with a protection device needs to be evaluated. Further modifications such as mechanical stability and use as a drug delivery system will be necessary prior to the clinical application of TGP.