Endovascular Treatment of an Acutely Ruptured Abdominal Aorta from Tumor Invasion by an Unresectable Retroperitoneal Leiomyosarcoma

Abstract

Retroperitoneal leiomyosarcomas account for <1% of all tumors diagnosed in the U.S. They are usually unresectable at the time of diagnosis due to their vague clinical presentation. Aortic rupture from tumor invasion by retroperitoneal leiomyosarcomas is extremely rare and has only been described in one case report. We describe a case of an unresectable retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma eroding into the infrarenal abdominal aorta resulting in an acute contained intratumoral hemorrhage successfully treated with a percutaneous placed abdominal aortic endograft. This article discusses the endovascular treatment of this rare medical emergency performed quickly and effectively in our endovascular suite. Endovascular specialists should be familiar with this lifesaving endovascular option in the setting of an acute aortic rupture.