Endovascular Treatment of a Real Inferior Gluteal Artery Aneurysm Associated with a Pelvic Arteriovenous Malformation

Abstract

Aneurysms of the gluteal arteries are rare clinical findings. The majority of those aneurysms consist of pseudoaneurysms due to pelvic trauma [1–3]. True aneurysms of the gluteal arteries occur due to atherosclerosis, infections, polyarteritis nodosa, or are associated with arteriovenous malformations (AVM) [1]. AVMs are considered to be undifferentiated high-flow vascular malformations characterized by multiple abnormal communications between the arterial and venous system without an intervening capillary network [4–6]. AVMs can involve any area of the body; the extremities, head and neck, lung, and liver are most commonly affected [5, 6]. In the pelvic region, these lesions are rare and more often are acquired secondary to neoplasm, pelvic trauma, and surgical procedures or can be associated with congenital diseases, such as the Klippel-Trenauny syndrome or the Parks-Webber syndrome [6–8]. The following report will describe a case of congenital gluteal AVM associated with a giant true aneurysm of the ipsilateral inferior gluteal artery. Due to its size and the risk of rupture, the aneurysm demanded therapy that could be successfully performed with endovascular techniques.