Endothelial Keratoplasty: A Review of Indications at a Tertiary Eye Care Centre in South India.

Abstract

The objective of this study was to review the indications for endothelial keratoplasty (EK) performed at a tertiary eye care center in South India between January 2007 and December 2011. This was a hospital-based, cross-sectional study. A retrospective analysis of the indications of EK surgeries between January 2007 and December 2011 was done using the Corneal Tissue Utilization Register available with the Ramayamma International Eye Bank, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India. Additional data such as age, sex, and socioeconomic status of the transplant recipients were obtained from the Medical Records Department, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute. Data were available for 1048 EK surgeries performed on 978 patients. The number of EK surgeries increased from 40 in 2007 to 232 in 2011. The median age of the patients was 58 years (range, 5 months to 92 years) with a male-female ratio of 1.5:1. The clinical indications for EK were pseudophakic corneal edema (47.9%), failed prior penetrating keratoplasty (20.0%), Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (10.8%), aphakic corneal edema (6.0%), failed prior EK (4.3%), congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy (1.8%), Descemet membrane detachment/tear (1.6%), iridocorneal endothelial syndrome (1.4%), and corneal edema due to other reasons (6.2%). The most common indication for EK was pseudophakic corneal edema, followed by post-penetrating keratoplasty graft failure and Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy.