Endoscopic management of dumping syndrome after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: a large international series and proposed management strategy

Abstract

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is refractory to lifestyle and pharmacotherapy measures, requiring reversal of the patient's bariatric surgery. Reversal can lead to weight regain and recrudescence of their comorbidities. Our aim was to report a multicenter experience on the endoscopic management of refractory dumping syndrome with endoscopic transoral outlet reduction (TORe). A multicenter international series of consecutive patients who underwent TORe with a full-thickness endoscopic suturing device was analyzed for technical success, improvement in Sigstad scores, and weight trajectories after the procedure. Failure was defined as needing an enteral feeding tube, surgical reversal, or repeat TORe. One hundred fifteen patients across 2 large academic centers in Germany and the United States underwent TORe for dumping syndrome. Patient age was mean 8.9 ± 1.1 years from their initial RYGB with an average percent total body weight loss of 31% ± 10.6% at the time of endoscopy. Three months postprocedure, the Sigstad score improved from a mean of 17 ± 6.1 to 2.6 ± 1.9 (paired t test P= .0001) with only 2% of patients (n= 2) experiencing weight gain. Mean weight loss and percentage of total body weight loss 3 months post-TORe were 9.47 ± 3.6 kg and 9.47% ± 2.5%, respectively. Six patients (5%) failed initial endoscopic therapy, with 50% (n= 3) successfully treated with a repeat TORe. Three patients underwent surgical reversal, indicating an overall 97% endoscopic success rate. TORe as an adjunct to lifestyle and pharmacologic therapy for refractory dumping syndrome is safe and effective at improving dumping syndrome and reducing rates of surgical revision.