Abstract

The skull base is located in a confluence of vital anatomical structures that affect our ability to perform safe and efficacious surgery. Generally, the skull base can be divided into four parts: anterior, lateral, posterior, and central. Traditionally, tumors located in each of these compartments were approached by different open approaches, necessitating skin incisions and craniotomy. Since its first description, the endonasal approach has become the principal method for resection of tumors involving the anterior and middle skull base. This approach provides access to the planum, frontal and suprasellar regions via two nostrils. With this approach, extradural and intradural tumors can be resected endoscopically in a single procedure. In the sagittal plane, four basic endonasal modules are used for extirpation of skull base neoplasms:

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