Abstract
The banana tree is associated with different species of endophytic bacteria that can stimulate plant growth. However, further studies are needed to better understand the relationships between this group of bacteria and the host plant. The objective of this study was to investigate the localization of the EB-40 (Bacillus sp.) through anatomical and ultrastructural analyses in micropropagated banana plantlets. The results demonstrated the effective colonization of the EB-40 isolate in the intercellular and intracellular spaces, as well as in the rhizosphere region. The wall of endophytic bacteria contains calcium and nitrogen. The EB-40 isolate was also observed to associate with the plasma membrane and cell wall. These results further our understanding of the mechanisms involved in the colonization of plant cells by endophytic bacteria in micropropagated banana plantlets.
Highlights
Plant development occurs through complex interactions between the plant and different environmental factors, among which biotic factors, especially microorganisms, play a key role
The results of the present study demonstrated the ability of the EB-40 isolate of the genus Bacillus sp. to have both endophytic and epiphytic associations with the roots of the ‘Prata-Anã’ banana tree
The authors noted that this level of colonization can be explained by the intracellular space and the rhizoplane presenting energy-rich sources of carbon that are exuded by the plant cells, explaining the preference of bacteria for these regions (Rosenblueth and Martínez-Romero 2006)
Summary
Plant development occurs through complex interactions between the plant and different environmental factors, among which biotic factors, especially microorganisms, play a key role. Endophytic microorganisms primarily colonize plants through natural openings, especially in the regions of lateral root emergence, substomatic cavities via stomatal openings, and through openings caused by injuries or by enzymes, such. Endophytic bacteria can be located at the point of entry or spread throughout the plant, residing within cells, in intracellular spaces or in the vascular system. While some strains of endophytic bacteria primarily colonize plant roots, others colonize roots and stems, while others colonize roots, stems and leaves (Santoyo et al 2016). A former study reported that endophytic bacteria have the ability to move freely in the cytoplasmic spaces of ‘Grand Naine’ banana leave cells (Thomas and Sekhar 2014). IN MICROPROPAGATED BANANA PLANTLETS the authors noted that the manner in which this bacterium gains access to the intracellular niche has not yet been elucidated
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