Abstract
ABSTRACTThe current study aimed to explore the endophytic bacterial diversity of Avicennia marina and the potential roles of these endophytes in counteracting saline conditions in tomato plants. Molecular analysis revealed strains from Paenibacillus, Bacillus, Microbacterium, Citrobacter, Lysinibacillus, Halomonas, Virgibacillus, Exiguobacterium, and Vibrio. However, Bacillus pumilus AM11 and Exiguobacterium sp. AM25 showed significantly higher growth in saline media. In response to salinity stress, tomato plants treated with AM11 and AM25 showed significantly higher (∼15–23%) biomass, photosynthetic rate and pigment accumulation compared to controls. Salinity-exposed plants had significantly reduced growth and increased (three-fold) lipid peroxidation, whilst glutathione, catalase, and peroxidase activities were significantly reduced. In contrast, AM11, AM25, and methionine improved these physiochemical attributes. The study concludes that the application of bacterial endophytes from plants growing in saline conditions can offer other plants similar stress-resistance potential. Such halophytic bacterial strains can be used to improve plant growth in saline conditions.
Highlights
Plants in arid and semi-arid areas of the globe are exposed to various environmental factors that can negatively affect plant growth and yield (Arbona et al 2017)
Endophytic bacteria were isolated from A. marina leaves
Mangroves comprise a unique microbiome containing a variety of endophytes and are known to ameliorate various detrimental effects of numerous stresses
Summary
Plants in arid and semi-arid areas of the globe are exposed to various environmental factors that can negatively affect plant growth and yield (Arbona et al 2017). Among the various environmental stresses, salinity stress is a major stress condition that markedly suppresses plant growth and yield (Negrão et al 2017). Salinity stress induces ionic imbalances and increases Na+, Cl−, Mg2+, K+, and Ca2+ concentrations in cells. Salinity stress induces a high accumulation of Na+ and Cl− in cells via the symplastic pathway (Suzuki et al 2016). Plants can adapt to various unfavorable environmental conditions and respond to stressful conditions by regulating defense signalling pathways, thereby improving their antioxidant systems and metabolism (Khan et al 2017)
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