Abstract
Endophytic bacteria have been reported to have roles as biocontrol agents and plant growth promoters. The application of endophytic bacteria in the form of mixed culture [consortia] will provide better effectiveness than when applied alone. This study aimed to obtain a consortium of endophytic bacteria that is effective as a biological control for purple blotch [Alternariaporri], promote the growth and yield of shallots. The research was arranged in a completely randomized design [CRD] consisting of 7 treatments with three replications. The consortium used was a mixture of two strains of Bacillus sp., two strains of B. cereus, two strains of Serratia marcescens, Bacillus subtilis, Azotobacter, Azospirillum, and P. fluorescens. The variables observed in this study included disease progression [incubation period, disease incidence, and disease severity], plant growth [number of leaves and plant height], and yield [fresh weight and dry weight of bulbs]. The results showed that the C consortium [Bacillus sp. strain SJI, Bacillus sp. strain HI, Serratia marcescens strain ULG1E4 and Serratia marcescens strain JBIE3] and G consortium [Bacillus sp. strain SJI, Bacillus sp. strain HI, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Serratia marcescens strain ULG1E4 and Serratiamarcescens strain JBIE3] were the best consortia in suppressing purple blotch disease, as well as in improving the growth and yield of shallots.
Highlights
Shallots are a vegetable crop of global importance and are known as protective food because of their special nutritive value in Indonesia
This study aimed to obtain a consortium of endophytic bacteria that is effective as a biological control for purple blotch [Alternariaporri], promote the growth and yield of shallots
The results showed that the C consortium [Bacillus sp. strain SJI, Bacillus sp. strain HI, Serratia marcescens strain ULG1E4 and Serratia marcescens strain JBIE3] and G consortium [Bacillus sp. strain SJI, Bacillus sp. strain HI, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Serratia marcescens strain ULG1E4 and Serratiamarcescens strain JBIE3] were the best consortia in suppressing purple blotch disease, as well as in improving the growth and yield of shallots
Summary
One of the important diseases in shallots is purple blotch diseases [Alternaria porri], which causes considerable yield loss in Indonesia up to 50–70% and under severe infection even total crop loss [2]. This disease causes symptoms of purplish-colored spots surrounded by circular yellow patches[9]. It is necessary to use other control alternatives that are safer and more environmentally friendly. Biocontrol of plant diseases using endophytic bacteria is an alternative control that is environmentally friendly and sustainable, which can be integrated into an integrated pest control [IPM] program
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