Abstract
Currently, endophytic microorganisms have become a good source of different enzymes and others metabolites of industrial interest. Among a huge spectral of molecules, enzymes as phytases have been emphasized by the ability to hydrolyze the phytic acid that represents the largest storage form of inorganic phosphorus in cereals, which are the staple diet of monogastric animals such as swine and poultry. Moreover, phytic acid acts as an antinutrient by chelating divalent metal ions, and it is interesting provide phytase as an animal feed supplement for those monogastric animals. In the current study, 158 endophytic bacteria isolated from the leaves of three cultivars of Phaseolus vulgaris were assessed for the ability to produce phytase. Among them, four isolates belonging to the Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas, Microbacterium and Rhodococcus genera were highlighted, due their phytase production. The phytase produced by Microbacterium foliorum BAC1157 exhibited activity at 70 oC and stability in the presence of divalent cations, indicating that this phytase has a promising use in the animal feed industry. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report on phytase production by bacteria of the Microbacterium genera.
Highlights
Endophytes are microorganisms that can be isolated from surfacedisinfested healthy plant tissue and do not harm the host plant (Hallmann et al., 1997)
One hundred fifty-eight strains of endophytic bacteria were isolated from the leaves of the Talismã, Ouro Negro and Vermelhinho cultivars of the common bean (Costa et al, 2012) and used for screening phytase production
Each bacterial isolate was inoculated into the phytase screening media plates described by Kim et al (2003) Phytase production was assessed by the formation of a hydrolysis halo around the colonies 48 and 96 h after incubation
Summary
Endophytes are microorganisms that can be isolated from surfacedisinfested healthy plant tissue and do not harm the host plant (Hallmann et al., 1997) These microorganisms are considered potential sources of compounds such as antibiotics, antioxidants, anticancer drugs and enzymes (Strobel and Daisy, 2003). The phytases, or myo-inositol hexakisphosphate phosphohydrolases (E.C. 3.1.3.8; 3.1.3.26; 3.1.3.72), are derived from various sources, including animals, plants and microorganisms (Konietzny and Greiner, 2002; Vohra and Satyanarayana, 2003). These enzymes are notable for being able to hydrolyze phytate making available the inorganic phosphorus (Pi) and phosphorylated myo-inositols (Ariza et al, 2013). 60% to 90% of the Pi in vegetables, oilseeds and cereals is stored in the form of phytic acid (Coelho et al, 2002; Rao et al, 2009)
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