Endophthalmitis after intravitreal injections. Incidence, management and prognosis

Abstract

Abstract Objective To assess the rate of endophthalmitis after intravitreal injection (IVI) in a “clean room” of a single health center, following the guidelines of the Spanish Vitreo-Retinal Society (SERV). An analysis was performed on the culture specimens, response to treatment, and final outcomes (guidelines). Material and methods A retrospective, observational study was conducted on a consecutive case series of patients diagnosed with infectious endophthalmitis after IVI in a single health center between 2010 and 2015. Intravitreal and systemic treatment was given following the SERV guidelines. The patients were followed up the case was resolved. Results There were 5 cases of endophthalmitis out of 9467 IVI (incidence 0.053%). Positive cultures were obtained in aqueous and/or vitreous fluid in all cases, with Staphylococcus epidermidis being involved in 4 out of 5 cases. In 2 cases, final visual acuity was non-light perception due to intractable retinal detachments after resolution of the infectious process. Conclusions IVI performed in a “clean room” have a low incidence of endophthalmitis. The most common infectious agent was Staphylococcus species. In 2 cases the functional prognosis was poor.