Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were isolated and characterized from postpartum bovine endometrium of animals with subclinical (n = 5) and clinical endometritis (n = 3) and healthy puerperal females (n = 5). Cells isolated displayed mean morphological features of MSCs and underwent osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiation after induction (healthy and subclinical). Cells from cows with clinical endometritis did not undergo adipogenic differentiation. All cells expressed mRNAs for selected MSC markers. Endometrial MSCs were challenged in vitro with PGE2 at concentrations of 0, 1, 3, and 10 μM, and their global transcriptomic profile was studied. Overall, 1127 genes were differentially expressed between unchallenged cells and cells treated with PGE2 at all concentrations (763 up- and 364 downregulated, fold change > 2, and P < 0.05). The pathways affected the most by the PGE2 challenge were immune response, angiogenesis, and cell proliferation. In conclusion, we demonstrated that healthy puerperal bovine endometrium contains MSCs and that endometritis modifies and limits some functional characteristics of these cells, such as their ability to proceed to adipogenic differentiation. Also, PGE2, an inflammatory mediator of endometritis, modifies the transcriptomic profile of endometrial MSCs. A similar situation may occur during inflammation associated with endometritis, therefore affecting the main properties of endometrial MSCs.
Highlights
During the female reproductive lifespan, the bovine endometrium periodically undergoes morphological and functional modifications [1]
This study aimed to investigate the presence of Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the puerperal bovine endometrium, in both healthy cows and those with subclinical and clinical endometritis, as well as to evaluate their essential intrinsic biological attributes
We believe that at least in our experimental conditions, we found that exposure of putative MSCs in vitro to Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) did not induce senescence, chronical exposure in vivo during endometritis to PGE2-induced senescence in the cells derived from endometrium was not addressed here and cannot be ruled out
Summary
During the female reproductive lifespan, the bovine endometrium periodically undergoes morphological and functional modifications [1] These are coupled with variations in the gene expression pattern involved in endometrial remodeling, the regulation of angiogenesis, regulation of invasive growth, cell adhesion, and embryo feeding [2]. Postpartum is one of the main periods of renovation, repair, and endometrial regeneration, leading to quick uterine involution from day 8 to day 43 postpartum in cattle [5]. This involution may be affected by the exposition of the uterus to multiple bacterial pathogens that are frequently observed in the postpartum period and can generate significant damage to endometrial tissue [6]
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