Abstract
ABSTRACT Zebu and Holstein x Zebu crossbred have low incidence of uterine infection when compared to Holstein cows. Resistance to uterine infections may be associated with the ability to recognize invading microorganisms. Endometrial transcription of microbial molecular patterns receptors has been investigated in the postpartum period of Holstein cows, but it is completely unknown in Zebu or Holstein x Zebu cows. In this study, 9 Gyr and 12 F1 Holstein x Gyr cows were submitted to endometrial biopsies at the first and seventh days postpartum, with the objective to measure transcription levels of toll-like receptors (TLRs) 1/6, 2, 4, 5, and 9; nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors 1 and 2; and coreceptors cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14) and myeloid differentiation protein-2 (MD-2). There was a significant (P<0.05) decrease in transcription of TLR5 in Gyr, and an increase in transcription of TLR9 in F1 cows, between the first and seventh day postpartum. Both groups had low incidences of uterine infections up to 42 days postpartum. Uterine involution completed at 27.7 ± 10.1 and 25.1 ± 4.7 days postpartum for Gyr and F1 cows, respectively. In Gyr cows, higher transcription levels of TLR1/6 and NOD1 correlated to a longer period required for uterine involution. In F1 cows, lower levels of TLR1/6, TLR2 and NOD2 correlated to a longer period required for uterine involution. In conclusion, some pathogen recognition receptors associated significantly with the time required for uterine involution in Gyr and F1 cows.
Highlights
Innate immunity is essential for controlling postpartum uterine infection in cows (Herath et al, 2006; Turner et al, 2012)
This study described the profile of endometrial transcription of pathogen recognition receptors in Gyr and crossbreed F1 Holstein x Gyr cows
Β-actin was selected as normalizing gene for calculating relative transcript levels of toll-like receptors (TLRs) 1/6, 2, 4, 5, and 9; nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD) 1 and 2; and coreceptors cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14) and myeloid differentiation protein-2 (MD-2) in Gyr cows and F1 Holstein x Gyr cows
Summary
Innate immunity is essential for controlling postpartum uterine infection in cows (Herath et al, 2006; Turner et al, 2012). Interaction between MAMPs and their receptors triggers a proinflammatory reaction with induction of expression of defensins, chemokines, prostaglandins, and other inflammatory mediators in the endometrium (Herath et al, 2006; 2009; Turner et al, 2012). Insufficient uterine innate immunity favors colonization and proliferation of potentially pathogenic bacteria, while the inflammatory response results in endometrial lesions that may impair fertility (Herath et al, 2009; Chapwanya et al, 2009). The cause and effect relationship of expression of immune mediators and resistance against uterine infections have not been elucidated, genetic variations likely account for some of the differences in individual responses to pathogens (Horne et al, 2008; Sordillo et al, 2009; Pinedo et al, 2013)
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