Abstract
Helper virus. activity for the defective Bryan high titer strain of Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) has been found in normal embryo fibroblast cultures of Ghighi, green, Mongolian, silver, and Swinhoe pheasants, and of Chinese quail and chukar. The helper viruses from Chinese quail and from Swinhoe pheasant were isolated from their respective RSV pseudotypes. Chinese quail, Ghighi, and golden pheasant cultures were also found to synthesize endogenous virus spontaneously. No such spontaneous production was seen with the other avian species investigated. The helper activity demonstrated in Chinese quail, chukar, Mongolian pheasant, and Swinhoe pheasant appears to specify envelope determinants which are different from those previously described. Viruses from Ghighi and silver pheasant have the G envelope, and those from green pheasant the F envelope specificity. The RSV pseudotype formed with Chinese quail virus shows a high plating efficiency on fibroblasts from mouse and European field vole. Chinese quail virus and Swinhoe pheasant virus also form plaques in chicken cells. Whether these pheasant viruses belong to established avian oncovirus groups, or whether they represent new ones, will have to be decided by immunological and biochemical studies now in progress.
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