Endodontic Sealers Modified with Silver Vanadate: Antibacterial, Compositional, and Setting Time Evaluation.

Ana Beatriz Vilela Teixeira,Andréa Cândido Dos Reis,Oswaldo Luiz Alves,Caroline De Carvalho Honorato Silva

doi:10.1155/2019/4676354

Ana Beatriz Vilela Teixeira, Andréa Cândido Dos Reis + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/4676354

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Abstract

The incorporation of nanoparticles into endodontic sealers aims at increasing antimicrobial activity of the original material. Aim. The aim of this study is to incorporate the nanostructured silver vanadate decorated with silver nanoparticles (AgVO3, at 2.5%, 5%, and 10%) into three endodontic sealers and evaluate the antibacterial activity of freshly sealers, surface topography and chemical composition, and setting time. Material and Methods. The AgVO3 was incorporated into AH Plus, Sealer 26, and Endomethasone N at concentrations 0%, 2.5%, 5%, and 10% (in mass). The antibacterial activity of freshly sealers was assessed by direct contact with Enterococcus faecalis and CFU/mL count (n=10), surface topography, and chemical composition were measured by SEM/EDS, and the setting time was measured by Gillmore needle (n=10). The Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn statistical tests were applied (α=0.05). Results. All groups of sealers evaluated inhibited E. faecalis (p>0.05). The incorporation of AgVO3 altered the atomic proportions between components of the endodontic sealers, and the percentage of silver (Ag) and vanadium (V) increased proportionally to the concentrations of AgVO3. Topography analysis showed differences in components distribution on the surface of the specimens. The sealers incorporated with AgVO3 of AH Plus presented a lower setting time than the control group (p<0.05). For Sealer 26 and Endomethasone N, the incorporation of AgVO3 increased the setting time in relation to control group (p<0.05). Conclusions. The modification of endodontic sealers by AgVO3 increased the atomic percentage of Ag and V proportionally to the concentration of the nanomaterial and changed the atomic percentage of the sealer components and setting times. It cannot be affirmed that the AgVO3 promote differences in the antimicrobial activity of freshly sealers, and further investigations of the antimicrobial activity of the set sealers should be carried out.

Highlights

The elimination of bacteria from the root canal is a challenge in endodontic treatment
All test and control endodontic sealers evaluated in this study completely inhibited the growth of E. faecalis; no statistical difference was observed between groups (p>0.05) (Table 2)
EDS results showed that the addition of AgVO3 to the endodontic sealers occurred homogeneously, since the atomic percentage of silver (Ag) and vanadium (V) increased proportionally to the concentrations of AgVO3

Summary

Introduction

The elimination of bacteria from the root canal is a challenge in endodontic treatment. Even after the combined use of mechanical instrumentation and chemical irrigation, retreatment cases indicate failures in bacterial removal [1] Species such as the Enterococcus faecalis are often found in these cases, due to their resistance and virulence factors [2]. One of the ideal requirements for root filling materials, such as endodontic sealers, is the antimicrobial capacity to assist in the elimination of remaining viable microorganisms in areas of difficult access in the root canal system [3]. It is known that the incorporation of antimicrobial agents into endodontic sealers increases this ability [3]. Studies with sealers modified with these agents have shown varied effects, and provide little information about other properties [1]

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