Abstract
This chapter discusses thyroid, adrenal, and pituitary diseases that occur during pregnancy. A series of changes in thyroid hormone economy take place in normal pregnancy. As a result of these changes, thyroid hormone levels in pregnancy differ from those in the non-pregnant state. This chapter includes a description of normal thyroid physiology and thyroid pathophysiology, including hyperemesis gravidarum, post-partum thyroiditis, hypothyroidism, and hyperthyroidism. Changes in the hypothalamo-pituitary–adrenal axis during normal and abnormal pregnancies are also described, with syndromes such as Cushing’s syndrome and Addison’s disease listed. Finally, pituitary adenomas in pregnancy, and their respective features and management strategies, are listed, including acromegaly, hypopituitarism, TSH-secreting adenomas, and prolactinoma.
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