Abstract
Introduction: Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) patients had 5–10% colchicine resistance. Although FMF attacks are characterized by acute phase elevation, there are no biomarkers that can show colchicine resistance yet. The serum endocan levels may elevate in inflammatory and auto-inflammatory diseases.Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate serum endocan levels in FMF patients according to whether attack and colchicine resistance or not and also compare them with classical acute phase reactants.Methods: In this single-center and cross-sectional study, a total of 111 FMF patients and 60 healthy individuals were enrolled. All patients' basic demographic and clinical data were recorded and blood samples were collected.Results: A total of 46 (41.4%) FMF patients had colchicine resistance. In comparison to the FMF patients according to colchicine response, colchicine resistance patients had a significantly higher median (IQR) endocan levels than colchicine responsive patients [36.98 ng/ml (97.41) vs. 13.57 ng/ml (27.87), p = 0.007], but there were no differences between in terms of median ESR and CRP levels. Inversely, serum endocan levels were similar during an attack and attack-free period in FMF patients, although ESR and CRP levels were significantly different. Interestingly, the highest serum endocan levels were in the control group.Conclusion: In conclusion, serum endocan levels were higher in colchicine resistance than colchicine responsive patients, but attack state had no effect on serum endocan levels in our study. Unlike ESR and CRP, serum endocan may be a novel biomarker for detection of colchicine resistance and distinguish the FMF attacks.
Highlights
Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) patients had 5–10% colchicine resistance
We aimed to evaluate serum endocan levels in FMF patients according to whether FMF attack and colchicine resistance or not and compare them with classical acute phase reactants
The study sample consisted of 111 FMF patients and 60 healthy individuals
Summary
Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) patients had 5–10% colchicine resistance. FMF attacks are characterized by acute phase elevation, there are no biomarkers that can show colchicine resistance yet. The serum endocan levels may elevate in inflammatory and auto-inflammatory diseases. Serum endocan levels were revealed to elevate in inflammatory processes such as infections, sepsis, malignancies, and auto-inflammatory diseases [3]. Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is a hereditary auto-inflammatory disease characterized by recurrent febrile polyserositis attacks [4]. Colchicine is the mainstay therapy for FMF which effectively prevents both inflammatory attacks and chronic inflammation, as well as development of secondary amyloidosis [5]. ∼5–10% of FMF patients can be resistant to colchicine therapy [6]. Impaired endothelial dysfunction has been responsible for these FMF complications and could emerge before organ damages [7, 8]
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