Abstract
Amazona is the largest genus of the Psittacidae, one of the most threatened bird families. Here, we study four species of Amazona (Amazona brasiliensis, A. pretrei, A. vinacea, and A. rhodocorytha) that are dependent on a highly vulnerable biome: the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. To examine their distribution and abundance, we compile abundance estimates and counts, and develop site-occupancy models of their geographic range. These models integrate data from formal research and citizen science platforms to estimate probabilistic maps of the species’ occurrence throughout their range. Estimated range areas varied from 15,000 km2 for A. brasiliensis to more than 400,000 km2 for A. vinacea. While A. vinacea is the only species with a statistical estimate of abundance (~8000 individuals), A. pretrei has the longest time series of roost counts, and A. rhodocorytha has the least information about population size. The highest number of individuals counted in one year was for A. pretrei (~20,000), followed by A. brasiliensis (~9000). Continued modeling of research and citizen science data, matched with collaborative designed surveys that count parrots at their non-breeding roosts, are essential for an appropriate assessment of the species’ status, as well as for examining the outcome of conservation actions.
Highlights
Accepted: 23 August 2021Three hundred and ninety-five species of parrots, macaws, and parakeets constitute the Psittacidae family, the largest non-passerine bird family in the world [1]
While A. vinacea is the only species with a statistical estimate of abundance (~8000 individuals), A. pretrei has the longest time series of roost counts, and A. rhodocorytha has the least information about population size
The A. vinacea dataset accounted for almost 50% of the samples and 58% of the detections, while A. pretrei had the smallest dataset, with 18% of the samples and 10% of the detections (Table 1)
Summary
Accepted: 23 August 2021Three hundred and ninety-five species of parrots, macaws, and parakeets constitute the Psittacidae family, the largest non-passerine bird family in the world [1]. (108) of its species threatened with extinction [1], the Psittacidae is the bird family with the highest absolute number of threatened species, that is, species classified as ‘vulnerable’,. The Psittacidae come only after the much smaller families of albatrosses and cranes with, respectively, 68% and 66% of their species threatened. Habitat loss and nest poaching are two key factors endangering Psittacidae populations [2,3]. Being dependent on forest habitats, most Psittacidae species require natural cavities to nest [3] and are directly impacted by forest clearance [2] and selective logging [4], caused primarily by agro-industrial expansion [5,6]. Nest poaching disproportionately affects species that are colorful, with large body size, relative ease of capture, and that sell for the highest prices [7,8]
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