Abstract
Peptones are produced from products with high protein content. Recently, peptone produced from fishery by-products were sought as a source of bacteria substrate. In this study, the enzymatic hydrolysis of peptone production of Yellowstrip scad fish at the end post-rigour phase was optimized. Peptones produced were physicochemically characterised and tested for microbial growth application. Proximate composition, peptone characterisation and amino acid analysis were conducted following AOAC methods. The pH value of the peptones was measured using a pH-meter and the microbial growth was monitored via measuring the optical density (OD) of the cultures. The outcome of the research showed that the best enzymatic hydrolysis was 0.20% (w/v) papain carried out for 6 hours. The results showed that the Yellowstripe scad fish peptones (YSFP) had a high protein level (77.46%) and contained essential amino acids such as histidine (4.12%), isoleucine (0.96%), leucine (2.42%), lysine (2.25%), methionine (3.07%), phenylalanine (1.68%), threonine (1.06%), valine (2.61%), and arginine (2.85%). The end post-rigour phase YSFP has a solubility of 97.08%; total nitrogen of 12.39%; α-amino nitrogen of 1.03 g/100 g; α-amino nitrogen per total nitrogen of 8.31 and salinity of 4.19%. Bacillus spp., Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was observed to have better growth performances on the YSFP than bacto peptone.
Highlights
Indonesia has a very high potential of fishery products as raw materials of animal protein sources
It can be concluded that the Yellowstripe scad fish has the potential to be used as raw material to produce fish peptones because it has a high protein content with low lipid content
This result agrees with the findings of Saputra and Nurhayati (2013) reported that the post-rigour Yellowstripe scad fish was a potential material to produce fish peptones, with the protein content of 64.27% and lipid content of 12.10%
Summary
Indonesia has a very high potential of fishery products as raw materials of animal protein sources. The main fishery products produced are Surimi, Kamaboko, fish fillets, often with high economic value. There are several types of fish do not have high economic value, such as the Yellowstripe scad fish, often assigned to fishery by-products. Based on the data of Indonesian Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (KKP, 2011), Yellowstripe scad fish production has increased up to 23.230 metric tons, i.e. from 156.710 metric tons in 2009 to 179.940 metric tons in 2010. There was an increasing volume production of Yellowstripe scad fish in the North Sumatra Province. The fishes were wasted at the fish landing sites or processed into non-food products like animal feeds and non-economic by-products such as fish silage, protein concentrates, etc
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