End-of-life care in emergency departments: A national cross-sectional survey of emergency care nurses

Abstract

BackgroundAn ageing population and increasing chronicity of illness will likely contribute to increasing presentations to the emergency department (ED) by patients at the end-of-life (EOL). This study aimed to identify the self-reported EOL care practices of emergency care nurses and the factors influencing EOL care. MethodsAn online survey was distributed to Australian emergency care nurses in August, 2020. Statistical analyses were undertaken to identify the most frequently undertaken EOL practices and factors influencing practice. ResultsThere were 178 responses to the survey (response rate 11.3%). The most frequently reported EOL practices were environmental modification (M=4.4/5, SD=0.4) and information sharing practices (M=4.4/5, SD=0.4). Emotional support practices were the least frequently reported practices by emergency care nurses (M=3.6/5, SD=0.9). Participants reported a lack of resources (M=2.4/5, SD=0.8) and opportunities to gain end-of-life care knowledge (M=2.9/5, SD=0.9). However, a generally positive attitude towards EOL care was indicated as participants reported strong agreement to palliative values (M=4.6/5, SD=0.4). ConclusionsResults of this study suggest that most frequently reported EOL care practices of emergency care nurses require the least emotional engagement. The findings can inform areas of knowledge development and resources for emergency care nurses.