Abstract
Neurological manifestations associated with influenza virus infection include encephalitis, encephalopathy, acute necrotizing encephalitis, transverse myelitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, mild encephalitis with reversible splenial syndrome (MERS), and Guillaín Barré syndrome. We report a 16-year-old female who was admitted at our emergency department with seizures, confusion, nystagmus and motor clumsiness five days after an upper a respiratory tract infection. Influenza type B virus infection was confirmed by chain polymerase reaction analysis. The initial electroencephalogram demonstrated a pattern of global slowness without epileptic discharges. One week later, it showed a progression to slow-wave focal bilateral discharges at both temporal and occipital lobes. The patient had a favorable evolution and was discharged 19 days after admission with phenytoin to prevent seizures.
Highlights
Neurological manifestations associated with influenza virus infection include encephalitis, encephalopathy, acute necrotizing encephalitis, transverse myelitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, mild encephalitis with reversible splenial syndrome (MERS), and Guillaín Barré syndrome
We report a 16-year-old female who was admitted at our emergency department with seizures, confusion, nystagmus and motor clumsiness five days after an upper a respiratory tract infection
Influenza type B virus infection was confirmed by chain polymerase reaction analysis
Summary
Neurological manifestations associated with influenza virus infection include encephalitis, encephalopathy, acute necrotizing encephalitis, transverse myelitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, mild encephalitis with reversible splenial syndrome (MERS), and Guillaín Barré syndrome. Las complicaciones neurológicas asociadas a influenza son poco frecuentes y abarcan en su espectro el síndrome de Guillain-Barré, encefalopatía, encefalitis, encefalitis aguda necrotizante aguda (EAN), encefalitis con lesión esplénica reversible (MERS), mielitis transversa y encefalomielitis aguda diesmelinizante[1,2,3]. Estas complicaciones adquirieron mayor notoriedad en la pandemia de influenza A H1N1 el año 2009, sin embargo, la experiencia clínica latinoamericana con estas complicaciones es muy escasa, describiéndose sólo dos casos en Chile[4,5] y tres en el resto de Latinoamérica[6,7]; en los que destaca la presencia de compromiso de conciencia, convulsiones de inicio reciente asociados al virus de la influenza y todos ellos en población pediátrica. La paciente dio su asentimiento y su padre el consentimiento para esta publicación
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