Abstract
Pharmaceuticals are recognized as emerging water microcontaminants that have been reported in several aquatic environments worldwide; therefore, the elimination of these pollutants is a global challenge. This study aimed to develop a biosorbent based on Saccharomyces pastorianus residual biomass encapsulated in a calcium alginate matrix and to evaluate its biosorption performance to remove Ethacridine Lactate (EL) from aqueous solutions. Firstly, the synthesis and characterization of biosorbent has been carried out. Then, the impact of main parameters on biosorption process were investigated by batch experiments. Finally, the kinetics behavior and equilibrium isotherms were evaluated. The resulted beads have an irregular and elongated shape with about 1.89 mm ± 0.13 mm in size with a homogeneous structure. The best removal efficiency for EL of over 85% was obtained at acidic pH 2 and 25 °C for 50 mg/L initial concentration and 2 g/L biosorbent dose. The pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion kinetics describe the biosorption process. The maximum calculated biosorption capacity was 21.39 mg/g similar to that recorded experimentally. The equilibrium biosorption data were a good fit for Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherms. Our findings reveal that the low cost and eco-friendly obtained biosorbent can be easily synthesized and suitable to remove Ethacridine Lactate from water matrices.
Highlights
The presence of persistent organic pollutants, considered as emerging contaminants, in different environmental matrices is a major concern worldwide [1,2]
Sodium alginate possess exceptional gelling properties and has the ability to stimulate the cross-linking polymerization and the formation of an elastic environment [35]. This natural polymeric matrix is considered suitable for the entrapment of the residual biomass of Saccharomyces pastorianus
The beads dimensions were between 1.89 mm ± 0.13 mm
Summary
The presence of persistent organic pollutants, considered as emerging contaminants, in different environmental matrices is a major concern worldwide [1,2]. Water resources are increasingly becoming limited, and quality of water bodies has been seriously threatened by the presence of different contaminants that pose a risk to the human health and the aquatic environments [3]. Of current major concern are emerging organic micropollutants such as pharmaceuticals and personal care products [4–8]. In the last two decades, pharmaceuticals were detected in surface waters, seawaters, groundwater, drinking water and sewage treatment plants effluents [9–12]. Reported concentrations of these compounds in surface water are between 6.46 ng/L and 9822 ng/L [1]
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