Encapsulation of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Esters with Solid Lipid Particles

Abstract

Encapsulation of structurally sensitive compounds within a solid lipid matrix provides a barrier to prooxidant compounds and effectively limits the extent of oxidative degradation. This offers a simple approach to preserve the bioactivity of labile structures. The technology was developed for cosmetic and pharmaceutical products but may be applied to additives used in food and feed formulations. The encapsulation of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) was examined as model compounds of current interest in functional foods and feeds. Solid lipid particles were prepared from triglycerides containing saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry. The thermal characteristics of the lipids used to form the particle were related to molecular structure and could be adjusted by selection of the appropriate component fatty acids. Encapsulation by solid lipid particles provides a method to inhibit oxidation and improve shelf life of products formulated with DHA and ALA.