Encapsulation of Centella asiatica leaf extract in liposome: Study on structural stability, degradation kinetics and fate of bioactive compounds during storage

Abstract

Liposomes containing Centella asiatica leaf extract (CALE) were encapsulated in soy lecithin and stigmasterol. The impact of wall materials on encapsulation efficacy, particle size, and zeta potential was investigated. In addition, FTIR and SEM analyses were conducted to study the chemical structure and shape of the final particles. In addition to the kinetic and thermodynamic properties, this study investigated the storage study, lipid oxidation analysis, and thermal analysis of encapsulated particles. The generated particles were spherical, and the average size of vesicles was between 512.67 and 787.78 nm, indicating a diverse population. The encapsulation efficiency varied greatly based on the concentrations of soy lecithin and stigmasterol. Following encapsulation with soy lecithin and stigmasterol, the FTIR spectrum showed very minor changes. The storage investigation revealed that phenolic chemicals deteriorated as the temperature increased. Additionally, secondary oxidation of lipids is reduced in CALE-loaded liposomes (CALE-LP) compared to liposomes without CALE. A thermal study demonstrated that it was difficult to maintain the bioactive component at a high temperature for an extended period of time. In general, however, the results revealed that liposomes successfully retained the bioactivity of the leaf extract and could be utilised to generate new fortified food products with health benefits.