Encapsulation of Basil Essential Oil by Paste Method and Combined Application with Mechanical Trap for Oriental Fruit Fly Control.

Tibet Tangpao,Wilawan Kumpoun,Bajaree Chuttong,Sarana Rose Sommano,Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon,Tonapha Pusadee,Patcharin Krutmuang,Pensak Jantrawut

doi:10.3390/insects12070633

Abstract

Simple SummaryEssential oils of the Ocimum spp. comprised of the volatile phenylpropanoids known for the Oriental fruit fly attractant property. However, fully exposing the essential oils in the field limited their ability. Therefore, we proposed a cheap yet effective paste encapsulation technique combined with a plastic trap for controlling tropical fruit fly in tropical fruit orchard. In this work, the chemical compositions of basils oils, including those of lemon basil, white holy basil, Thai basil, tree basil and red holy basil, were analysed. Methyl eugenol was detected in all types of basils. The essential oils of red and white holy basils possessed a comparable ability (~25%) to attract male Oriental fruit fly to the synthesised fruit fly attractant in the laboratory experiment. To control the release of the active ingredients, the white holly basil oil (WBO) was encapsulated with maltodextrin (MD) and gum arabic (GA) by paste method. The essential oil is retained in the wall complex much longer with the addition of MD. The results also revealed that the combination of the MD:GA (25:75) had the highest loading efficiency of the oil (9.40%) as observed by the numerous porous structures by scanning electron microscopy. Fourier-transform infrared spectra of the encapsulated polymer confirmed traces of essential oil functional groups. The field test study advised that WBO-encapsulated products improved fruit fly attractive efficiency by maintaining the release rate of basil essential oil.

Highlights

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Tropical fruit production along with postharvest handling chains, those of soft skin types, such as avocado, mango and papaya, have been severely desecrating by the invasion of Oriental fruit fly (ORF; Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel)
Red holy basil oil comprised of the mixture of 17 volatile compounds, of which it was dominated by methyl eugenol (~335.58 μg/mL EO) and transcaryophyllene (~193.96 μg/mL EO), β-elemene (~119.06 μg/mL EO), and germacrene
We found that the essential oils that were effective in attracting ORF were of the holy basils of red and white types, in which the finding was in correspondent with its high content of methyl eugenol

Summary

Introduction

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Tropical fruit production along with postharvest handling chains, those of soft skin types, such as avocado, mango and papaya, have been severely desecrating by the invasion of Oriental fruit fly (ORF; Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel). Strategies have been used to control the population of the ORF, for example, spraying with insecticide or protein bait, trapping with attractants, releasing of natural enemies, the Sterile. Insect Technique (SIT), as well as the combined approach in the Integrated Pest Management (IPM) [2,3]. While the SIT-integrated management scheme appeared to be effective, the most popular methods are insecticide cover spray and bait spraying [4,5]. The male-lure-based trapping system is among the interests for fruit fly bio-control approaches. A plant-based active ingredient is economical, nonhazardous, environment-friendly, and simple technology. It is insect-genera specific, which is effective as a bio-control agent [11,12]

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