Enantioselective determination of modafinil in pharmaceutical formulations by capillary electrophoresis, and computational calculation of their inclusion complexes

Abstract

A fast capillary electrophoretic method is described for the separation and determination of the enantiomers of the novel wake-promoting agent, modafinil. Several parameters affecting the separation were studied, including the type and concentration of chiral selector, buffer pH, buffer concentration, voltage and temperature. Good chiral separation of the racemic mixture was achieved in less than 5 min with resolution factor Rs = 2.51, using a bare fused-silica capillary and a background electrolyte (BGE) of 25 mM H3PO4−1 M tris solution; pH 8.0; containing 30 mg mL−1 of sulfated-β-cyclodextrin (S-β-CD). The separation was carried out in normal polarity mode at 25 ◦C, 18 kV and using hydrostatic injection. Acceptable validation criteria for selectivity, linearity, precision, and accuracy were included. The developed method was successfully applied to the assay of enantiomers of modafinil in pharmaceutical formulations. The computational calculations for the enantiomeric inclusion complexes rationalized the reasons for the different migration times between the modafinil enantiomers.