Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to identify risk factors for enamel and dentin caries in adolescents.Method: This 1-year longitudinal study was conducted in 2018 and 2019; 13- to 14-year-old adolescents were recruited. The merged International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) was used to identify caries. The relationships between the caries increment and variables were analyzed with a zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) regression model.Results: A total of 1,016 participants completed the assessment. The ZINB analysis found that individuals with caries at baseline were more likely to develop new dentin caries. Females, or individuals who had a high cariostat score had an increased likelihood of having a high ΔD4-6MFT score. Among the caries-free adolescents at baseline, females, or individuals who consumed snacks once or more than once a day were more likely to develop caries. Individuals from one-child families, who used fluoride toothpaste, and who had a high saliva buffering capability (pH≥4.25) had an increased likelihood of a low ΔD1-6MFT score.Conclusion: The results suggest that there are some specific risk factors of initiating of enamel caries in adolescents, including the frequency of snack consumption, sex, saliva buffering capability, fluoride toothpaste usage and belonging to a one-child family. In all adolescents, most of whom have enamel caries, the dentin caries risk factors were past caries experience, cariostat score and sex.
Highlights
Preventive strategies have been implemented for decades, dental caries remain a major public health problem, especially in developing countries [1]
Dental caries may lead to pain and swelling and affect early permanent dentition development in adolescents, potentially drastically reducing their quality of life [7]
A total of 1,016 adolescents completed all evaluations in the longitudinal study (a 96% follow-up rate)
Summary
Preventive strategies have been implemented for decades, dental caries remain a major public health problem, especially in developing countries [1]. Adolescence is a period in which the risk for dental caries remains especially high [2]. Caries Risk Factors in Adolescents of caries among 12-year-old children has increased from 28.9 to 38.5% in the last decade [4, 5]. These numbers have raised concerns about caries experience among adolescents. Dental caries may lead to pain and swelling and affect early permanent dentition development in adolescents, potentially drastically reducing their quality of life [7]. It is important to adopt some intervention measures for the early prevention of caries among teenagers
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