Abstract
Low-temperature performance of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has always posed a significant challenge, limiting their wide application in cold environments. In this work, the high-performance LIBs working under ultralow-temperature conditions, which is achieved by employing the weak-solvation and low-viscosity isobutyronitrile as a cosolvent to tame the affinity between solvents and lithium ions, is reported. The as-prepared electrolytes exhibit a sufficiently high conductivity (1.152 mS cm-1 ) at -70°C. The electrolytes enable LiCoO2 cathode and graphite anode to achieve high Coulombic efficiency of >99.9% during long-term cycling at room temperature, and to respectively achieve 75.8% and 100.0% of their room-temperature capacities at -40°C. Even the LiCoO2 //graphite pouch cells can retain 68.7% of the room-temperature capacity when discharged at -70°C, and present stable cycling performance at -40 and 60°C. This work provides a solution for the development of advanced electrolytes to enable LIBs working at wide-temperatures range.
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