Enabling the digital twin: a review of the modelling of measurement uncertainty on data transfer standards and its relationship with data from tests

Abstract

Along the product lifecycle, data obtained in the physical domain are incorporated into the digital one to create models, which constitute a digital twin of a physical object. The acquisition of data from the physical domain involves the measurement of physical magnitudes. Making explicit the uncertainty of the data transferred from the physical domain is relevant to achieve the objectives of reducing uncertainty and improving predictions. The realisation of the digital twin requires implementing an interoperable data driven architecture between the physical and the digital domains. Data transfer standards are a fundamental part of that architecture. This work provides a review of the measurement uncertainty definition and specification, illustrates the data transfer in the context of the digital twin of a test rig, and discusses how uncertainty is modelled and represented in data transfer standards.