Enabling QKD under Strong Turbulence for Wireless Networks with Tilt Wavefront Correction

Abstract

Wavefront tilt correction is necessary for reducing beam deviations caused by atmospheric turbulence in the receiver of an optical system. This reduction allows decreasing the receiver's field of view, which in the case of free-space quantum key distribution (QKD), reduces the solar background noise that reaches the detectors, and with this, the quantum bit error rate (QBER). A wavefront tilt correcting system that stabilizes the beam in two different points of the receiver's optical axis has been developed and characterised, and it is capable of operating under realistic conditions of strong turbulence with almost perfect ideal correction. The reduced area of beam deviations at the focal plane of the receiver after correction enables a reduction of the QBER of more than 80%, which paves the way to free-space quantum key distribution in daylight under strong turbulence.