Abstract
Green technologies play an essential role in designing and developing sustainable and environmental strategies at a country level. With a growing emphasis on green technology strategies in strategic decision making, there is an opportunity for developing and implementing strategies to accelerate green technologies in developing economies. Therefore, this study develops an integrated strategic framework based on Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) for effective green technology planning. The SWOT approach scans internal and external factors and sub-factors essential for green technology planning in Pakistan. Subsequently, the Grey Analytical Hierarchical Process (GAHP) method is employed to compute weights of twenty-one subfactors. Finally, Grey Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution (GTOPSIS) is used to prioritize eighteen strategies developed for sustainable green technology planning. Results reveal that high productivity potential in the agriculture sector, less foreign investment due to terrorism and security issues, decreasing the cost of green technologies, and the opportunity to build a positive image are key sub-factors for strategic green technology planning. In contrast, improving the security situation in the country to attract foreign direct investment, fewer taxes and duties on import of green technology and lenient rules for local business in transition, and plans and programs to promote green technology in the agriculture sector are observed as optimal strategies. This study is the first to propose a systematic, integrated framework for sustainable green technology planning in Pakistan. Our study fills a gap in the strategic planning and implementation process and provides pathways for policymakers in addressing impediments when implementing green technology planning.
Highlights
Green technology (GT) is a significant parameter in attaining regional and international sustainable development goals (SDGs)
In the first section of our analysis, we used a Grey Analytical Hierarchical Process (GAHP) technique based on a pairwise comparison matrix of SWOT main factors and sub-factors for green technology development in Pakistan
The first part presents the goal that is achieved in this study; the ranking of SWOT factors and sub-factors of green technology based on weights calculation by pairwise comparison matrix is presented in the second part; the third part represents the overall ranking of all sub-factors of SWOT that has been performed by using GAHP, respectively
Summary
Green technology (GT) is a significant parameter in attaining regional and international sustainable development goals (SDGs). It helps to minimize the environmental impacts of economic growth and boost social progress [1]. There is a promising future for green technology to meet the need for economic prosperity in developing countries. Overlapping social and environmental factors might affect green technology deployment within a given country. Hottenrott et al [2] discovered that technology’s feasibility and potential impact of economic and environmental factors should be addressed before implementing green technologies. While humans are striving to increase productivity and economic growth, these goals have polluted the water, air, and global ecological systems
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