Enabling fast-charging capability for all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries

Abstract

LIBs are rapidly adopted in grid storage, portable electronic devices, and EVs as excellent energy storage devices. Due to the advancements in high energy density and safety features of all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries (ASSLIBs), the trend of incorporating them into various industries is becoming irresistible. With the debut of industrial-leading prototypes, a review of the potential of realizing fast charging on ASSLIBs is strongly desired. Though ASSLIBs are at their very early stage as commercial energy storage devices, they must become competitive in high-rate performance and have the capability of accepting fast-charging current levels while maintaining high energy density. The fast development of conventional liquid lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and the rigorous demands of the electric vehicle (EV) and portable electronic markets bring rigorous competition to ASSLIBs. This review focuses on the challenges of cell components and interfaces, primarily ionic and electronic conductivities in solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) and electrode/electrolyte interfacial resistances. Then, electrochemical stability issues such as the narrow voltage window of SSEs, chemical compatibility between electrodes and SSEs, and metallic lithium deposition are further discussed. Mechanical stabilities are also covered as the battery's internal environment becomes acute during fast charging. Mitigation strategies are concerned and generalized for each challenge. Finally, recent development progress and insights toward high-rate ASSLIB cell design are summarized.