Abstract
The non-development of the concept of patient knowledge empowerment for disease self-management and the non-development of the theory of patient knowledge empowerment in patients with chronic diseases, cause methodological inconsistency of patient empowerment theory and does not provide a methodological basis to present patient knowledge empowerment preconditions. Therefore, the aim of the present integrative review was to synthesize and critically analyze the patient knowledge enablers distinguished in the public health management theory, the knowledge sharing enablers presented in the knowledge management theory and to integrate them by providing a comprehensive framework of patient knowledge enablers. To implement the purpose of the study, in answering the study question of what patient knowledge empowerments are and across which levels of patient knowledge empowerment they operate, an integrative review approach was applied as proposed by Cronin and George. A screening process resulted in a final sample of 78 papers published in open access, peer-review journals in the fields of public health management and knowledge management theories. Based on the results of the study, the Enablers of Patient Knowledge Empowerment for Self-Management of Chronic Disease Framework was created. It revealed that it is important to look at patient knowledge empowerment as a pathway across the empowerment levels through which both knowledge enablers identified in public health management theory and knowledge sharing enablers singled out in knowledge management theory operate. The integration of these two perspectives across patient empowerment levels uncovers a holistic framework for patient knowledge empowerment.
Highlights
The mission of the modern public health system is to improve the health of the population and reduce health inequalities through organized institutional and community effort
With the help of computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software, in identifying the relationships between patient knowledge enablers and patient empowerment levels, the themes from the research of both theories integrated through patient empowerment levels were identified
Patient empowerment takes place across the levels of empowerment, and the result of patient empowerment primarily is the psychological empowerment of individuals and that of community, creating organizations involving stakeholders, which operate through interactions to achieve health-related goals
Summary
The mission of the modern public health system is to improve the health of the population and reduce health inequalities through organized institutional and community effort. Chronic diseases are identified as a sustainability challenge for European health systems, as the growing scale of chronic diseases due to an aging population and increasing life expectancy requires increased financial investment and an effective response to patient needs and expectations. Research agrees that the paradigmatic shift in approach to chronic disease patients from disease-oriented to patient-oriented, as an active healthcare partner is important in this context [1]. The patient, as an active partner, could selfmanage the disease, make rational, day-to-day decisions related to their health condition to ensure health behavior [2,3]. Health behavior in patients with chronic diseases reduces the financial burden on the healthcare sector [1,4], and active collaboration between patients and healthcare institutions facilitates the identification of patients’ needs and expectations.
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