Abstract
Chapter 1 (“En-Route”) is devoted to the Mediterranean and Indian Ocean steamer lines, submarine telegraphs, and an Egyptian railway that together created “the Overland Route to India via Egypt,” replacing the long sea voyage from England around the Cape of Good Hope. Within about two decades, between 1830 and 1850, a journey that could last an entire year around the Cape of Good Hope was shortened to one month of travel via Egypt, with the different sections already calculated to the minute. The new route realigned the British Empire and transformed Egypt into one of its key junctions. The spatial middle-ness of the region labeled “the Middle East” from the beginning of the twentieth century and onward was the product of this reconfiguration.
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