Abstract
The kinetics of the ab initio emulsion polymerization of butadiene was investigated using several emulsifiers and dissociative initiators. The steady polymerization rate in interval II was found to be highly insensitive to variations of the initiator concentration, suggesting a low initiator efficiency. The development of particle number as a function of conversion at several emulsifier concentrations, shows that limited coagulation of latex particles is occurring. Increasing the cation content in the recipe promotes coagulation and leads to a higher value of the emulsifier dependency exponent towards particle number. The average number of radicals per particle was found to increase with particle size, while values significantly less than 0.5 were calculated, indicating a first-order radical loss process.
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