Empowering care: Unleashing pharmaceutical care to confront MDR-TB transmission risks-A prospective interventional study

Abstract

IntroductionAccording to recent NTEP report it was estimated that in India the MDR-TB cases were 9.1/lakh population. Patients undergoing the pulmonary TB are known to cause MDR-TB due to multi drug resistance. Early identification of risk elements in Multidrug resistant-TB patients is crucial to managing and preventing the disease. ObjectiveTo evaluate risk variables that contribute to cause Multidrug resistant tuberculosis and to providing patient counselling to TB patients regarding risk factors. Methodology: A Prospective interventional study to assess the various Risk factors involved in cause of Multi drug resistance tuberculosis. This study was conducted for period of 09 months. The study is conducted with standard validated questionnaires which are prepared to assess the risk factors among Multidrug resistant-TB patients. Study site includes the tertiary care hospitals in Belagavi. ResultOverall, 120 Multidrug resistant tuberculosis patients were recruited from the district tuberculosis centre, Belagavi District, Karnataka. India. Most patients (47.50%) were aged 25–44 years. Of the 120 MDR-TB patients, 67.50% are male and 32.5% are female. Of 120 MDR-TB patients, 7.50% are HIV positive. As part of the study, smoking (26.67%), chewing tobacco (50%), and alcohol consumption (33.33%) were found to be other major risk factors. 24.17% of patients had a family history of tuberculosis, of which 5% had contact with an infected person as a source of infection. ConclusionThis study documented various risk variables involved in the emergence of Multidrug resistant TB. This research also highlighted the significance of pharmaceutical care in the effective management of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). This study identified risk variables that contribute to MDR-TB and helped educate tuberculosis patients about these risk factors.