Abstract
Recent employment rates have been affected by COVID‑19 (Chapter 1), with the impact felt across all age groups. For those aged 55-64 the employment rate decreased by an average of 1.6 percentage points between 2019 and 2020 (). The greatest decreases were in Chile (‑9.9 percentage points), Colombia (‑7.0 percentage points) and Costa Rica (‑8.0 percentage points). Canada, Mexico, Turkey and the United States were also deeply affected. Conversely in most Central and Eastern European countries, the impact on employment has been lower with employment rates actually increasing. The largest increases were in Hungary (+2.9 percentage points), Poland (+2.3 percentage points) and Slovenia (+1.9 percentage points), with another seven European countries also showing growth of over 1 percentage point Those countries with a smaller decline in employment rates tend to be those that provided greater protection for workers during the COVID‑19 crisis. Yet, the pattern of employment rates across countries and age groups remains broadly structural.
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