Abstract
Background: Promoting optimal social integration of people with disabilities, as active citizens, represents a major objective of Romanian health, social and political strategies. Methods: Review of the official data and studies on employment of disabled people, actualized to 2015. Results: The total number of disabled people was 759,019 (3.41% of the Romanian population). About 415,852 (59.58%) were aged between 18 and 64. Rate of employment of disabled persons is very small (14%). People with somatic disability represent the most employed category (38.4%); least employed were the mental (3.1%) and psychiatric (5.2%) categories. The number of authorized protected units (sheltered employment) increased up to 722 units (recorded in 2015). Discussion: A terminology clarification and unification approach, at national level (between concepts of disability vs. handicap), has become a necessity. Romanian legal frame regarding labour policy and working with disabilities imposes material obligations for employers (the 4% quota system) but also offers fiscal facilities for them. Disabled persons (with accentuated and severe disability/ handicap) are exempt from income tax and complementary cumulate the non-taxable income and disability benefits. Conclusion: This original paper is an updated integrative approach to the Romanian strategy and policy of (re-)employment of people with disabilities. It underlines the main achievements, improvements and limitations in the continuous endeavor of implementation of the legislative framework on the protection, integration and inclusion of disabled persons in Romania.
Highlights
This is an integrative approach to the Romanian strategy and policy of employment of people with disabilities
The World report on disability, published in 2011 by World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Bank, emphasized that more than a billion people in the world experienced disability, and about 200 million of them remained with major difficulties, limitations in functioning and restricted participation [1]
This paper represents a selective review of the statistic official information, published in 2015, by the National Authority for People with Disabilities (NAPD) and Ministry of Labor, Family, Social Assistance and Elderly (MLFSPEP)
Summary
The World report on disability, published in 2011 by World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Bank, emphasized that more than a billion people in the world (approximately 15% of the population) experienced disability, and about 200 million of them remained with major difficulties, limitations in functioning and restricted participation [1]. People with disabilities are predisposed to social inequity, isolation, depression, exclusion, poverty, moral and economic prejudice, lower opportunities to access basic social services, education and economic achievements. Approaching people with disabilities is an ongoing complex endeavor of a multi-/interdisciplinary team of professionals: medical, sociological, economic and competent political factors (for adequate funding and policies), in conjunction with an informed tandem - the family and the disabled person. Promoting optimal social integration of people with disabilities, as active citizens, represents a major objective of Romanian health, social and political strategies
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