Abstract
Abstract. The changes in the economic and social spheres that occur in conditions of rapid technological changes and affect the structure, form and nature of employment are studied. It is argued that increasing employment flexibility, which is in line with the idea of expanding economic freedom for employers and employees, may exacerbate the social risks associated, in particular, with a weakening of the social security of employed. The existing foreign mechanisms of risk prevention in promoting employment flexibility are analysed, and it had reflected in the flexicurity concept. It is proved that the strengthening of employment flexibility in Ukrainian practice is accompanied by three main tendencies: diversification of employment forms that are characterized by flexibility; maintaining the rigidity of labour legislation on employment and employment in the public sector; preservation of the non-sufficient and inefficient level of social protection of flexible employment. Various points of view of different scientists on employment flexibility are analysed that allowed to study the specific forms of flexible employment in the Ukrainian economy. Proposals had developed to improve the conditions for the development of flexible employment, covering organizational, economic and institutional vectors. Keywords: employment, employment flexibility, social security, flexicurity. JEL Classification J24, J62 Formulas: 0; fig.: 3; tabl.: 0; bibl.: 16.
Highlights
The development of employment of the population of Ukraine reflected the full range of socio-economic problems accumulated in society during the previous period, and characterized by insufficiently high level of efficiency, stability, decent working conditions and social protection of employees
Under conditions of globalization of the world economic environment, the deployment of the Fifth Industrial Revolution Industry 5.0, the digitalization of all sectors of the economy and society, increasing the flexibility of the labour market, which involves the spread of non-standard forms of employment
Among the main reasons for the acceleration of employment flexibilitization process in Ukraine it is possible to point the technological impact on changes in the content and the character of labour in modern society, as well as a restructuring of employment under structural changes in the economy, the individualization of production process, and changing the role of the human factor and population needs in flexible forms of labour
Summary
The development of employment of the population of Ukraine reflected the full range of socio-economic problems accumulated in society during the previous period, and characterized by insufficiently high level of efficiency, stability, decent working conditions and social protection of employees. The Ukrainian experience in the field of functioning and regulation of flexible employment needs additional consideration in terms of deepening both the theoretical and methodological basis of the study, as well as identifying specific areas of new forms’using in the different economic activities It confirms the relevance of the study of employment flexibility in terms of innovative change. Among the most common forms of non-standard employment in Ukraine, researchers noted part-time or part-time employment; remote employment; temporary employment; borrowed work (outstaffing, outsourcing, staff leasing); secondary employment-based employment; employment nature; multiple (portfolio) employment or part-time work It is pointed the job sharing under which two or more employees are hired for one job, and work in turn; telework, work on call; informal employment, self-employment, unregistered employment in the formal sector [9]. The structure of the employed population of the EU countries (in terms of flexibility) by age and level of education in 2019 was characterized by the following distribution (Fig. 2)
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