Abstract
While the observation of nucleon decay would be a smoking gun of Grand Unified Theories (GUTs) in general, the ratios between the decay rates of the various channels carry rich information about the specific GUT model realization. To investigate this fingerprint of GUT models in the context of supersymmetric (SUSY) GUTs, we present the software tool SusyTCProton, which is an extension of the module SusyTC to be used with the REAP package. It allows to calculate nucleon decay rates from the relevant dimension five GUT operators specified at the GUT scale, including the full loop-dressing at the SUSY scale. As an application, we investigate the fingerprints of two example GUT toy models with different flavor structures, performing an MCMC analysis to include the experimental uncertainties for the charged fermion masses and CKM mixing parameters. While both toy models provide equally good fits to the low energy data, we show how they could be distinguished via their predictions of ratios for nucleon decay rates. Together with SusyTCProton we also make the additional module ProtonDecay public. It can be used independently from REAP and allows to calculate nucleon decay rates from given D = 5 and D = 6 operator coefficients (accepting the required SUSY input for the D = 5 case in SLHA format). The D = 6 functionality can also be used to calculate nucleon decay in non-SUSY GUTs.
Highlights
Grand Unified Theories (GUTs) [1,2,3] continue to present an interesting framework for physics Beyond the Standard Model (BSM)
We use our extended SusyTC code SusyTCProton to compute 13 different decay channels, 8 of which are proton decay channels and 5 are neutron decay channels; they are listed in table 2 along with their experimental bounds
Expressions for nucleon decay rates mediated by D = 5 operators contain many contributions, all of which depend on both the masses of the SUSY sparticles that are used to dress the D = 5 operators, as well as flavor effects both from the SM Yukawa sector and the sfermion sector
Summary
Grand Unified Theories (GUTs) [1,2,3] continue to present an interesting framework for physics Beyond the Standard Model (BSM). The gauge bosons transforming as (3, 2, −5/6) under the Standard Model gauge group G321 ≡ SU(3) × SU(2) × U(1) present in the adjoint representation of SU(5) violate baryon and lepton number (B and L) symmetries, and mediate the process of nucleon decay, generating B and L violating four-fermion operators, i.e. D = 6 proton decay. Other particles, such as scalar leptoquarks, can mediate proton decay, but the main point is that as long as the unified group contains SU(5) as a subgroup, proton (nucleon) decay will be present
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