Abstract

ABSTRACT We performed a series of neoichnological experiments with elephants to investigate the relationship between the various factors involved in controlling megafaunal footprint formation. Our ultimate goal was to provide a means to calculate original sedimentary properties of fossil-footprint–bearing siliciclastic rocks, especially those containing sauropod dinosaur tracks. Previous semiquantitative and model-based research identified multiple variables that influence footprint creation and preservation, but no rigorous, empirically based models have been constructed. We conducted track-making trials with experimental sediments and one adult female African elephant (Loxodonta africana) and one adult female Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) in a zoo setting. Data collected included track dimensions, sediment particle size distribution, sediment bulk density (ρb), volumetric water content of the sediment (θv), and trackmaker walking velocity (v) and weight. We performed multiple regression analysis with...

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