Abstract

Two dominant approaches to addressing urban public safety, Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design and feminist safety planning, need more empathetic understanding of intersectional LGBTQ2+ peoples' voices and experiences of discrimination. Using the City of Toronto as case study, we examine through empathy and affect theory lens LGBTQ2+ people's experiences of discrimination in public spaces voiced in focus groups, interviews, and an online survey to articulate community-based knowledge of safety and danger in urban settings. Intersectional identities intertwine in queer lived experiences and responses to expand our understanding of what constitute discrimination and public safety in cities. LGBTQ2+ members perceived danger and safety differently from cisgender heteronormative subjects, particularly in viewing law enforcement officers' role in perpetrating discrimination.

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