Abstract
Background: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a risk factor for suicide attempts (SA). Both attachment disturbances and cognitive and emotional problems (e.g., emotional pain) have been associated with SA history. This study sought to determine differential contributions of attachment styles and cognitive and emotional states associated with SA to lifetime NSSI occurrence among adults hospitalized for suicide risk.Sampling and Methods: Adult psychiatric inpatients (n = 200) were assessed for attachment style, cognitive and emotional states, and lifetime NSSI within 72 h of hospitalization. Binary logistic regression and mediation analyses were performed.Results: Preoccupied attachment and emotional pain at admission were independently associated with lifetime NSSI. Emotional pain partially mediated the relationship between preoccupied attachment and lifetime NSSI.Limitations: The cross-sectional nature of the study and the use of a dichotomous (yes/no) measure of NSSI, not specifically designed for its assessment.Conclusions: Preoccupied attachment and emotional pain are associated with NSSI and may be useful targets for assessing risk of NSSI.
Highlights
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is defined as deliberate self-inflicted harm to one’s body tissue without the intent to die and for purposes that are not socially sanctioned (Turecki and Brent, 2016)—a prevalent and debilitating public health concern across demographic groups and clinical populations (Heath et al, 2009; Klonsky, 2011)
Preoccupied attachment and emotional pain at admission were independently associated with lifetime NSSI
Emotional pain partially mediated the relationship between preoccupied attachment and lifetime NSSI
Summary
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is defined as deliberate self-inflicted harm to one’s body tissue without the intent to die and for purposes that are not socially sanctioned (Turecki and Brent, 2016)—a prevalent and debilitating public health concern across demographic groups and clinical populations (Heath et al, 2009; Klonsky, 2011). A substantial proportion of individuals who attempt suicide report NSSI (Franklin and Nock, 2016), and a history of NSSI increases risk of suicide following or during psychiatric inpatient treatment (King et al, 2001; Hunt et al, 2007). This association may be expected as NSSI is commonly understood as a maladaptive affect regulation strategy (Klonsky, 2009; Nock, 2009) that may increase risk of suicide through an acquired capability for lethal self-harm (Joiner et al, 2012; Chu et al, 2018). Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a risk factor for suicide attempts (SA) Both attachment disturbances and cognitive and emotional problems (e.g., emotional pain) have been associated with SA history. This study sought to determine differential contributions of attachment styles and cognitive and emotional states associated with SA to lifetime NSSI occurrence among adults hospitalized for suicide risk
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