Emotional approach coping and self‐efficacy moderate the effects of written emotional disclosure and relaxation training for people with migraine headaches

Abstract

We tested whether emotional skills and headache management self-efficacy (HMSE) moderated effects of written emotional disclosure (WED) compared with control writing and a different intervention, relaxation training (RT). Undergraduates with migraine headaches reported emotional approach coping (EAC) and HMSE; were randomized to WED, RT, or control; and assessed on health measures at baseline and 3-month follow-up. Greater EAC predicted improvement following WED compared with RT and control, whereas low HMSE predicted improvement following both WED and RT, compared with control. Emotional skill may specifically - and low health management self-efficacy may generally - predict positive responses to WED.