Emotion dysregulation in multiple sclerosis: Impact on symptoms of depression and anxiety

Abstract

BackgroundThere is consistent evidence for higher prevalence of affective disorders, specifically mood and anxiety disorders, in people with MS (PwMS). PurposeThe goal of this study was to examine the role of emotion dysregulation in explaining symptoms of depression and anxiety in PwMS. MethodsData from 100 PwMS and 98 community controls (CC) were analyzed. Participants completed survey measures assessing symptoms of depression and anxiety, difficulties in emotion regulation, general and health-related quality of life, and use of emotion regulation strategies during emotionally evocative situations in the previous two weeks. ResultsPwMS had higher scores on depression, endorsed greater difficulty regulating emotions, and reported lower health-related quality of life compared with CC. Higher scores on both measures of depression and anxiety were associated with difficulties in emotion regulation and greater use of maladaptive emotion regulation strategies. Additionally, emotion dysregulation - quantified via use of maladaptive strategies and difficulties in regulating emotions - mediated the effect of MS on symptoms of depression. ConclusionsEmotion dysregulation is associated with symptoms of depression and anxiety in PwMS. Given the malleability of this construct, this study underscores the importance of further investigating emotion dysregulation, and possibly adopting it as a surrogate endpoint in interventions targeting affective disorders in PwMS.