Emissions of volatile organic compounds from heated needles and twigs of Pinus pumila

Abstract

A study was conducted to explore the mechanism that emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOC) from heated needles and twigs (200°C, within 15 min) of Pinus pumila affect fire behaviours using the technology of Thermal Desorption — Gas Chromatography — Mass Spectrometry (TD-GC-MS). The results indicated that the main components of VOC from heated needles and twigs are terpenoids. Most of these terpenoids are monoterpenes. Terpenoids account for 72.93% for the needles and 92.40% for the twigs of the total VOC, and their emission ratios are 61.200 μg·g−1 and 217.060 μg·g−1 respectively. Heated twigs can emit more terpenoids than heated needles because twigs had more volatile oils than needles. In actual fires, these large amounts of terpenoid emissions, especially the monoterpene emissions, have strong effects on fire behaviors that are not only in the initial stage but also in the fast propagation stage of fires. These flammable gases are capable of causing violent combustion and creating crown fires. In addition, if these gases accumulate in an uneven geographical area, there will be a possible for eruptive fires and/or fires flashover to occur.