Abstract
ABSTRACTEmissions of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) from the stack flue gases of four medical waste incinerators (MWIs) and ten municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs) were investigated. The mean PCDD/F concentrations in the stack flue gases of these MWIs and MSWIs is 0.521 ng I-TEQ/Nm3 and 0.0533 ng I-TEQ/Nm3, respectively. In the stack flue gases of MWIs, OCDD, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF and OCDF were the major congeners, while in MSWIs, OCDD and 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD were the major ones. The mean PCDD/F emission factors (20.1 μg I-TEQ/ ton-waste) of the MWIs was about 210 times of magnitude higher than that of MSWIs, which was 0.0939 μg I-TEQ/ton-waste. In Taiwan, the annual emissions of PCDD/Fs from MWIs and MSWIs are 0.371 g I-TEQ/year and 0.737 g I-TEQ/year, respectively. Although the contribution of PCDD/Fs from MWIs to the atmosphere was 50.3% of that from MSWIs, it should be noted that most MWIs are equipped with a low stack and are situated in the proximity of the residential area and PCDD/F emissions from MWIs could significantly affect its surrounding environment.
Highlights
After polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) were discovered in the flue gases and fly ash ofTel: +886-7-7310606 ext. 225Fax: +886-7-73389461977 (Olie et al, 1977), PCDD/Fs have become a serious issue in many countries, because of their toxicological effects and associated adverse health implications.US EPA's Office of Research and Development (ORD) had developed the “Database of Sources of Environmental Releases of Dioxin like Compounds in the United States” (US EPA, 2001) to be a repository of PCDD/Fs emissions data from all known sources
I-TEQ year-1 in 1999), municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs) remain a significant source of PCDD/Fs to the atmosphere, contributing
In Taiwan, the total quantities of PCDD/Fs emitted from the medical waste incinerators (MWIs) and MSWIs were estimated, compared and discussed
Summary
After polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) were discovered in the flue gases and fly ash of. 64% and 38% of the total PCDD/F emission into the air in 1987 and 1995, respectively; medical waste incinerators (MWIs) released 20% and 16%. In the United Kingdom, the total estimated emissions of PCDD/Fs into the atmosphere ranged from 560 to 1100 g I-TEQ year-1; MSWIs dominated, contributing 460-580 g. I-TEQ year-1 in 1999), MSWIs remain a significant source of PCDD/Fs to the atmosphere, contributing. The congener profiles of PCDD/Fs in the stack flue gases of both MWIs and MSWIs are presented and. The emission factors of PCDD/Fs from the stack flue gases of MWIs and MSWIs were determined on the basis of the total weight of the waste. In Taiwan, the total quantities of PCDD/Fs emitted from the MWIs and MSWIs were estimated, compared and discussed
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