Abstract
ABSTRACT Brazilian agriculture contributes significantly to nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) emissions, so the understanding of such emissions at the field is crucial for mitigation strategies. This study quantified the impact of N application and sheep grazing on the N2O and CH4 emissions from a subtropical Ferralsol under an integrated crop-livestock (ICL) management system. In a long-term experiment in southern Brazil, gaseous fluxes were measured during a year-long cycle of ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) plus oats (Avena sativa) winter pasture [...]
Highlights
Agriculture and land use change are some of the most important sources of greenhouse gases, accounting for about one-fourth of the global gaseous emissions (IPCC, 2014)
Fertilizer-N is an important source of N2O from soil under integrated crop-livestock (ICL) based on sheep grazing, with emission factors consistent with the IPCC’s default of 1 % (0.3-3.0 %)
The IPCC, in its guidelines for national inventories (IPCC, 2006), considers a N2O emission factor of 1 % for nitrogenous fertilizers (i.e., 1 % of the applied nitrogen being released as N2O), higher (1.6 %) (Soares et al, 2016) or lower (0.2 %) (Martins et al, 2015) values have been reported in the literature
Summary
Agriculture and land use change are some of the most important sources of greenhouse gases, accounting for about one-fourth of the global gaseous emissions (IPCC, 2014). The IPCC, in its guidelines for national inventories (IPCC, 2006), considers a N2O emission factor of 1 % for nitrogenous fertilizers (i.e., 1 % of the applied nitrogen being released as N2O), higher (1.6 %) (Soares et al, 2016) or lower (0.2 %) (Martins et al, 2015) values have been reported in the literature. This variation in the N2O emission factor could be related to local aspects such as temperature, precipitation, and soil type (Bell et al, 2015), or rates of nitrogen fertilizer application. According to McSwiney and Robertson (2005) and Ma et al (2010), N2O emissions can increase exponentially (and not linearly) with application rates of nitrogen fertilizer, resulting in an increase in the N2O emission factor
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