Abstract
Absorption, spontaneous emission and stimulated emission are the paramount light-matter interactions encountered in photonics. Here, we theoretically investigate those three pre-cited phenomena inside unbounded media with a vanishingly small refractive index (NZI materials). Our formalism describes the effect of the spatial dimensionality of the NZI medium as well as the class of NZI materials (epsilon-near zero, mu-near zero or epsilon and mu-near zero). For example, spontaneous emission might be inhibited in 3D homogeneous lossless NZI media but be greatly enhanced in an NZI material of reduced dimensionality.
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