Abstract
This study paves the way on reducing smoke emission and NOx emissions of research diesel engine by detailing the effect of water addition in biodiesel. Fuel samples were prepared with different concentrations of water in orange peel oil biodiesel (94% waste orange peel oil biodiesel + 4% water + 2% Span 80 (WOPOBDE1) and 90% waste orange peel oil biodiesel + 8% water + 2% Span 80 (WOPOBDE2). Span 80 was employed as a nonionic surfactant, which emulsifies water in biodiesel. Experimental results revealed that the nitrogen oxides and smoke emission of orange peel oil biodiesel emulsion were reduced by 11%–19% and 3%–21%, respectively, compared to that of neat orange peel oil biodiesel (WOPOBD). In addition, the introduction of orange peel oil–water emulsions in the diesel engine considerably reduced the emissions of unburned hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide. The overall hydrocarbon emission of WOPOBDE2 was 12.2% lower than that of WOPOBD and 16.3% lower than that of diesel. The overall CO emission of WOPOBDE2 was 17% lower than that of base fuel (WOPOBD) and 21.8% lower than that of diesel. Experimental results revealed that modified fuel had higher brake thermal efficiency and lower brake specific fuel consumption than that of base fuel at all engine brake power levels.
Highlights
There is a growing number of on-road vehicles because of an exponential surge in population and enhanced lifestyle
Biodiesel derived from palm kernel oil, orange peel oil or mustard oil is employed as a neat fuel or in blends with diesel in a compression ignition (CI) engine (Joy et al 2017; Venu and Madhavan 2017)
The aim of this experimental investigation is to elucidate the performance and emission patterns of an engine fueled by neat waste orange peel oil biodiesel (WOPOBD) and its various water blends
Summary
There is a growing number of on-road vehicles because of an exponential surge in population and enhanced lifestyle. An emulsion process is preferred for the instantaneous decrease in PM and NOx emissions for a biodiesel-fueled diesel engine (Ravikumar and Saravanan 2016) In this process, water is mixed with the biodiesel in a certain percentage in the presence of a nonionic surfactant, which emulsifies water and biodiesel to improve the stability of the mixture (Melo-Espinosa et al 2015; Anbarasu and Karthikeyan 2016; Appavu and Venkata Ramanan 2018). Petroleum Science (2019) 16:180–186 oxides emissions when diesel engines run on diesel–biodiesel–water blends (Yuvarajan and Venkata Ramanan 2016; Annamalai et al 2016; Devarajan et al 2016; Vellaiyan and Amirthagadeswaran 2017b) The aim of this experimental investigation is to elucidate the performance and emission patterns of an engine fueled by neat waste orange peel oil biodiesel (WOPOBD) and its various water blends.
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